Updated: Tuesday March 15, 2016/AthThulatha
Jamada El Thaniah 06, 1437/Mangalavara
Phalguna 25, 1937, at 06:57:10 PM
1ORDINANCE NO. XXXVIII OF 1962
[4th June, 1962]
An Ordinance to establish an Industrial
Development Corporation. 2* * *
WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the
establishment of an Industrial Development Corporation for the purpose of promoting
the economic and industrial development 2* * *and for matters ancillary
thereto;
NOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance of the
Proclamation of the seventh day of October, 1958, and in exercise of all powers
enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make and promulgate
the following Ordinance:-
1. Short title, extent and commencement.-(1) This Ordinance may be called the 3[Pakistan Industrial
Development Corporation Ordinance, 1962].
(2) It extends to the whole of 4[
(3) It shall come into force at once.
2. Definitions. In this Ordinance, unless there is anything
repugnant in the subject or context,-
(a) “Board”
means the Board of Directors of the Corporation;
5*
* * * * * *
1 This Ordinance has been amended in its
application to the
(i) W.P.
Ord. No. 3 of 1963, s. 2 (with effect from the 26th March, 1963)
(ii)
W.P. Ord. No. 14 of 1964, s. 2 (with effect from the 8th September, 1964), and
(iii)
W.P. Ord. No. 29 of 1965 (with effect from the 16th October, 1965)
(iv)
W.P. Act-No. 10 of 1967, s. 2 (with effect from the 21st July, 1967)
2(foot-note>> The words “for West
Pakistan” and “of
3Subs. ibid., for “Provincial Industrial
Development Corporation (
4(foot-note>> Subs. by F.A.O., 1975,
Art. 2 and Sch., for “
5 (foot-note>> Clauses (aa) omitted by
the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
(b) “Chairman” means the Chairman of the
Corporation;
(c) “Corporation” means the 1[Pakistan Industrial Development
Corporation] established under section 3;
2* * * * * * *
(d) “Director” means the Director of the
Corporation;
(e) “Government” means the 3[Federal Government];
(f) “Minerals” means all minerals excluding
minerals necessary for the generation of nuclear energy and mineral oil and
natural gas;
(g) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules or
regulations;
(h) “regulations” means regulations made under
this Ordinance;
(i) “rules” means rules made under this
Ordinance [;]4
5* * * * * * *
3. Establishment of the Corporation and its
offices.-(1) As soon
as may be after the commencement of this Ordinance, the Government shall
establish a corporation to be called the 6[
(2) The Corporation shall be a body
corporate by the name of the 7[Pakistan Industrial Development
Corporation] having perpetual succession and a common seal with power subject
to the provisions of this Ordinance, to acquire and hold property, both movable
and immovable, and shall by the said name sue and be sued.
(3) The Head Office of the Corporation shall
be at
(4) The Corporation shall establish Regional
Offices at such places as the Government may direct.
1 Subs. by the Federal Laws (Revision and
Declaration) Ordinance, 1981 (27 of 1981) s. 3 and sch. II for “Industrial
Development Corporation of
2 Clause (cc) Omitted by the Provincial
Industrial Development Corporation (
3 Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Sch., for
“Provincial Government”.
4Subs. by the Provincial Industrial
Development Corporation (W.P. (Amdt.). Ordinance 1963 (W.P. ord. No. 3 of 1963)
s. 2 for full-stop.”
5Cls. (j) (k) (l) and (m) were added by W.P.
Ord. No. 3 of 1963 s. 2, subsequently cls. (J) (K) and (M) have been omitted by
the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (W.P. (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1965
(29 of 1965) s. 2, to read as above.
6The word (West omitted by Ord. 27 of 1981,
s. 3, and Sch. II.)
7Subs. ibid., for "Industrial
Development Corporation'
4. Share Capital.-(1) The authorized share capital of the
Corporation shall, in the first instance, be one crore of rupees divided into
one hundred fully paid up shares of one lakh of rupees each, of which forty
five shares will be issued in the first instance and the remaining shares may
be issued from time to time by the Corporation with the previous sanction of
the Government.
(2) Nothing in sub-section (1) shall prevent
the Corporation from increasing its capital with the previous sanction of the
Government.
5. Management.-(1) The 1[determination of questions of
policy and the general direction of the affairs of the Corporation shall vest
in the Board and the Board] may exercise all powers and do all acts and things
which may be exercised or done by the Corporation in accordance with the
provisions of this Ordinance.
(2) The Board in discharging its functions
shall act on commercial considerations and shall be guided by such directions
as the Government may give it from time to time.
(3) If the Board fails to obey any direction
as aforesaid, the Government may remove the Directors including the Chairman,
and, notwithstanding anything in section 6, appoint persons in their place to
be Directors temporarily until fresh Directors are appointed under that
section.
6. Appointment and term of office of
Directors.-(1) The
Board shall consist of such number of Directors, not less than three and not
more than five, as may be appointed by the Government.
(2) Each Director shall-
(a) be a whole-time officer of the Corporation;
2[(b)
Subject to the provisions
of sub-section (3), perform under the general supervision and control of the
Chairman such duties as may be assigned to him by the Chairman;]
(c) divest himself of any directorship or other
interest held by him in any other Corporation, company or concern other than
public companies sponsored by the Corporation under sub-section (5) of section
15 before assuming office as Director;
1Subs. by the Provisional Industrial
Development Corporation (
2Subs. ibid. s. 3, for cl. (b.)
(d) subject to the provisions of section 9,
hold office for a term of three years and may be appointed thereafter for a
further term or terms of such duration as the Government may, in appointing him
thereto, determine; and
(e) receive
such salary and allowances as the Government may determine:
Provided that the Government may, in
exceptional circumstances where it considers it necessary to do so in the
public interest, exempt, by a special order, any person, who has been appointed
or is about to be appointed a Director, from the application of clause (a) and (c).
(3) One of the Directors appointed under
sub-section (1) shall be the Financial Director, who shall exercise such powers
and discharge such duties as may be prescribed.
7. Chairman.-(1) The Government shall appoint one of the
Directors to be the Chairman of the Board, who shall be the Chief Executive of
the Corporation 1[and shall, subject to the
provisions of sub-section (1) of section 5, exercise such powers as are
exercisable by the Corporation under this Ordinance].
(2) Subject to his continuing to hold office
as a Director, the Chairman shall hold office as Chairman for a term of three
years and, subject as aforesaid, shall remain in office as Chairman thereafter
until his successor in that office is appointed and may, subject as aforesaid,
be appointed to hold that office for a further term or terms as the Government
may, in appointing him thereto, determine.
8. Notwithstanding anything contained in sections 6 and 7, when
the Board is first constituted, the Chairman and Directors, shall hold office
for such term, not exceeding three years, as may be determined by the
Government:
Provided that such Chairman and Directors
may be appointed to hold that office for a further term or terms as the Government
may, in appointing him thereto, determine.
9. Disqualification of Directors.-(1) No person shall be or shall continue to
be a Director who-
(a) is or at any time has been convicted of an
offence involving moral turpitude; or
(b) is or at any time has been adjudicated
insolvent; or
(c) is found a lunatic or becomes of unsound
mind; or
(d) is or at any time has been disqualified for
employment in, or dismissed from the service of
(e) is a minor.
1Added by the Provisional Industrial
Development Corporation (
(2) The Government may, by order in writing
remove the Chairman or a Director if he-
(a) refuses or fails to discharge or becomes, in
the opinion of the Government incapable of discharging his responsibilities
under this Ordinance; or
(b) has, in the opinion of the Government,
abused his position as Chairman or Director; or
(c) has knowingly acquired or continued to hold,
without the permission in writing of the Government, directly or indirectly, or
through a partner, any share or interest in any contract or employment with, by
or on behalf of the Corporation, or in any property which, in his knowledge, is
likely to benefit or has benefited as a result of the operations of the
Corporation; or
(d) has absented himself from three consecutive
meetings of the Board without the leave of the Government in the case of the
Chairman, or of the Chairman in the case of a Director.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in
this Ordinance, the Chairman or a Director may, at any time before the expiry
of his term, upon three months' notice, resign his office, or upon similar
notice, be removed from office by the Government without assigning any reason.
10. Appointment of officers.-(1) The Corporation may, subject to such
general or special orders as the Government may give it from time to time and
subject to such rules as may be made in this behalf, appoint such officers,
advisers and employees as it considers necessary for the efficient performance
of its functions on such terms and conditions as it may see fit 1[and each such officer, adviser
and employee shall, subject to the supervision and control of the Chairman,
perform such functions as may be assigned to him by the Chairman].
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained, in
sub-section (1), the Corporation shall, subject to the provisions of
sub-sections (3) and (4), appoint such officers and advisers and employees of
the 2[Federal Corporation] as may be
transferred to it under the Industrial Corporations (Dissolution) Ordinance,
1962.
(3) Subject to the provisions of the
Industrial Corporations (Dissolution) Ordinance, 1962, and any direction
received thereunder, the terms and conditions of employment of such officers,
advisers and employees, as are referred to in sub-section (2), shall be such as
may be determined by the Government:---
1Added by the Provisional Industrial
Development Corporation (
2Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for
“Central Corporation”.
Provided that the Government may direct that
until the terms and conditions have been so determined by it or for such period
as it may specify, any such person shall be employed by the Corporation on the
same terms and conditions on which he was employed by the 1[Federal Corporation] concerned.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in
the foregoing sub-sections the Government may direct the Corporation to
dispense with the services of any such officers, advisers and employees as are
referred to in sub-sections (2) and (3) and in that event the Corporation shall
dispense with the services of such persons in the same manner and subject to
the same conditions under which their services could be dispensed with by the 1[Federal Corporation] concerned.
Explanation.- In this section 1[Federal Corporation] has the
same meaning as in the Industrial Corporations (Dissolution) Ordinance, 1962.
11. Declaration of fidelity and secrecy. Every Director, adviser, officer or other
employee of the Corporation, before entering upon his duties, shall make such
declaration of fidelity and secrecy as may be provided by regulations.
12. Meetings of the Board.-(1) The meetings of the Board shall be held
at such times and at such places as may be prescribed by regulations:
Provided that at least one meeting shall be
held in a month:
Provided further that until regulations are
made in this behalf, such meetings shall be held at such times and at such
places as may be determined by the Chairman.
(2) The quorum necessary for transacting
business at a meeting of the Board shall be three, if the Board consists of
five Directors and two if the number is less.
(3) Each Director, including the Chairman,
shall have one vote but in the event of an equality of votes, the Chairman
shall have a second or casting vote.
(4) The meetings of the Board shall be
presided over by the Chairman, and, in his absence, by a Director authorized by
him in this behalf, and in default of such authorization by a person elected
for the purpose by the Directors present from among themselves.
(5) No act or proceeding of the Board shall
be invalid merely on the ground of the existence of any vacancy in, or any
defect in the constitution of, the Board.
1Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for
“Central Corporation”.
(6) The minutes of every meeting, stating
among other things, the names of the Directors present, shall be drawn up and
recorded in a book to be kept for the purpose, and shall be signed by the
person presiding at the meeting, and such book shall at all reasonable times
and without charge be open to inspection by any Director.
13. Forwarding of statements, etc., to the
Government.-(1) If the
Government so directs in any case, the Chairman shall forward to it copies of
all papers which were laid before the Board for consideration at a meeting.
(2) The Government may require the Chairman
to furnish it with-
(a) any return, statement, estimate, statistics
or other information regarding any matter under the control of the Corporation;
or
(b) a report on any such matter; or
(c) a copy of any document in the charge of the
Chairman.
(3) The Chairman shall comply with any such
requisition under sub-section (2) without undue delay.
1[13A. Power of Board to associate other
persons.-(1) The Board
may associate with itself in such manner and for such period as it may deem fit
any person whose assistance or advice it may desire in carrying out any of the
provisions of this Ordinance.
(2) A
person associated under sub-section (1) for any purpose shall have a right to
take part in the discussion of the Board relating to that purpose, but shall
not have a right to vote and shall not be deemed to be a Director for any other
purpose.
(3) The
Board may constitute such technical and advisory committees as may be necessary
for the carrying out of the purposes of this Ordinance.]
2[14. Delegation of powers. The Chairman may, by general or special
order in writing, direct that any of his powers under this Ordinance shall, in
such circumstances and subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified
in the order, be exercisable also by any Director, officer or adviser of the
Corporation so specified.]
15. Business which the Corporation shall
transact.---(1) The
Corporation shall take over and be responsible for such business, projects,
undertakings and properties, powers, rights, duties and liabilities as may be
transferred to it under the Industrial Corporations (Dissolution) Ordinance,
1962.
1Added by the Provisional Industrial
Development Corporation (
2Subs. by the Provincial (Industrial
Development Corporation (
(2) The Corporation shall be responsible for,---
1[(a)
planning, promoting,
organizing and implementing programmes for the establishment of industries
listed in the Schedule and the exploitation of fisheries;]
(b) the exploration, exploitation and
development of minerals and mines thereof; and
(c) the exploration, exploitation and
development of any material which the 2[Federal Government] may entrust
to it subject to such conditions as the 2[Federal Government] may
specify.
Explanation.- In clause (a) “planning” includes studies, surveys,
experiments and scientific and technical investigation.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in
sub-sections (1) and (2), the Corporation shall perform such other duties and
functions as the Government may, from time to time, assign to the Corporation.
(4) The Corporation shall, in order to carry
out any functions under sub-section (1) or clause (a) or clause (b)
of subsection (2) or sub-section (3),-
(a) submit, for the approval of the Government,
proposals or schemes; and
(b) proceed to give effect to any proposal or
scheme as approved by the Government.
(5) The Corporation may, and, where the
Government so directs, shall, for the purpose of giving effect to any proposal
or scheme approved by Government, sponsor limited company independent of each
other or subsidiary companies incorporated under the Companies Act, 1913 (VII
of 1913):
Provided that before sponsoring any such
company, the Corporation shall obtain the approval of the Government to the
company’s capital structure.
(6) The Corporation shall, unless otherwise
directed by the Government, act as Managing Agents for the aforesaid companies,
and may, with the prior concurrence of the Government, relinquish the managing
agency in favour of any person.
(7) Nothing contained in section 87A of the
Companies Act, 1913 (VII of 1913), shall apply to the Corporation.
1 Subs. by the Provincial Industrial
Development Corporation (
2Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for
“Central Government”.
(8) The Corporation shall be represented on
the Board of Directors of the aforesaid companies.
(9) The Corporation may issue the capital
required for the aforesaid companies for public subscription and, if any
portion thereof remains unsubscribed after the expiry of the closing date for
public subscription, subscribe on behalf of the Government that portion [:]1
2[Provided that the Corporation shall not subscribe to an extent
which in the aggregate exceeds such limit as may be notified by Government form
time to time].
(10) The Corporation may underwrite the
whole or any portion of the capital issued under sub-section (9).
(11) The Corporation shall, when it
considers the time opportune, sell or transfer the shares subscribed for by it
under sub-section (9) :
Provided that no such sale or transfer shall
take place at a rate below the market quotation or below the par value of such
shares without the previous sanction of the Government.
3* * * * * * *
4[15A. [Limit of accommodation.] Omitted by the Provincial Industrial
Development Corporation (
15B. Security for loans or subscription. No 5* * subscription shall be made
unless it is adequately secured by pledge, mortgage, hypothecation or
assignment of such property, movable or immovable, and of such value in
proportion to the 5* * subscription as may be
notified by Government from time to time:
6* * * * * * *
15C. [Limit of loans or
guarantees.] Omitted
by the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
15D. [Power to impose
conditions.] Omitted
by the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
1Subs. by Provincial Industrial Development
Corporation (
2Proviso added ibid.
3Sub-section 12 omitted ibid., which was
previously amended by W.P. Ord. No. 3 of 1963, s. 4.
4Section 15A to 15I ins. by the Provincial
Industrial Development Corporation (W.P. Amdt.) Ordinance, 1963 (3 of 1963), s.
5.
5The words “loan or” omitted by Ord. 29 of
1965, s. 5.
6 Proviso omitted ibid.
15E. Loans in foreign currency.-(1) The Corporation may, with the previous
consent of the 1[Government] and on such terms
and conditions as may be approved by the Government, borrow in foreign currency
from the International Bank for Re-construction and Development or other moneys
required for the development of industries referred in section 15 2* * *.
(2) All loans obtained in foreign currency
shall be repayable either-
(a) in the currency in which they are obtained
; or
(b) in any other currency which is agreed upon
by the loan-giving agency and the 1[Government] ; or
(c) in
15F. [Power to demand
immediate Payment of the entire sum.] Omitted by the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
15G. [Certificate of
sums re-coverable.] Omitted
by the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
15H. [Recovery of dues
form borrower or surety.] Omitted
by the Provincial Industrial Development Corporation (
15I. Act XVIII of 1891 to apply to the books
of the Corporation. The
Corporation shall be deemed to be a bank for the purpose of the “Bankers Books
Evidence Act, 1891.]
16. Annual Budget Statement. The Corporation shall by such date in each
year as may be prescribed, by rules, submit to the Government for approval a
statement, to be called the Annual Budget Statement, in the prescribed form for
every financial year showing the estimated receipts and expenditure and sums
which are likely to be required from the Government during that financial year.
17. Custody and investment of Corporation
Funds.-(1) All moneys
at the credit of the Corporation shall be kept-
(a) in places where there is a Government
treasury, or sub-treasury or a bank to which the Government treasury business
has been made over, in such treasury, sub-treasury or bank; and
(b) in other places, with such banks as may be
approved by the Government.
1 Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Sch., for
“Government and the Central Government”.
2Certain words omitted by the Provincial
Industrial Corporation (
(2) Nothing in sub-section (1) shall be
deemed to preclude the Corporation from investing any such moneys which are not
required for immediate expenditure in any of the securities described in
section 20 of the Trusts Act, 1882 (II of 1882), or
placing them in fixed deposit with a bank approved by Government, or in such
other manner as may be approved by the Government.
18. Maintenance of accounts. The Corporation shall maintain proper
accounts and other relevant records and prepare annual statement of accounts,
including the profit and loss account and balance-sheet, in accordance with
such general directions as may be issued, and in such form as may be specified,
by Government in consultation with 1* * * the Auditor General.
19. Audit.-(1) The accounts of the Corporation shall be
audited by auditors who shall be chartered accountants within the meaning of
the Chartered Accountants Ordinance, 1961, and appointed with the approval of
the Government by the Corporation on such remuneration as it may think fit, and
such remuneration shall be paid by the Corporation.
(2) Notwithstanding the audit provided for
in sub-section (1), the Auditor General shall audit or cause to be audited the
accounts of the Corporation.
(3) The Auditor General shall also hold, or
cause to be held, a test audit of the undertakings wholly owned by the
Corporation and of the Companies of which the Corporation is the Managing
Agents, and in the event of a text audit disclosing irregularities, the Auditor
General may carry out, or cause to be carried out, such further audit as he
considers necessary.
(4) The Corporation and every such
undertaking and company as is referred to in sub-section (3) shall produce the
accounts books and connected documents, at the place where they are normally
expected to be available, and furnish such explanations and information as the
Auditor General or any officer authorized by him in this behalf may require at
the time of the audit.
(5) The Auditor General shall, in holding
the audit, keep in view the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 5 and
state in his report how far in his opinion these provisions have been complied
with.
2[(6) A statement of accounts of the Corporation and the report
of the Audior-General on the said accounts, together with the report of the
Auditor-General on account of the undertakings and the companies referred to in
sub-section (3), shall be furnished to Government by the Corporation after the
end of every financial year.]
1 The Certain words omitted by F.A.O., 1975,
Art. 2 and Sch
2 Sub-section (6) added by the Provincial
Industrial Development Corporation (
20. Annual Report.- 1[(1)] The Corporation shall, as
soon as possible, after the end of every financial year, submit an annual
report to the Government on the conduct of its affairs for that year, and on
its proposals for the next ensuing financial year.
2[(2) The annual report referred to in
sub-section (1) shall, as soon as possible, be laid by Government before the 3[National Assembly].
21. Indemnity of Directors.-(1) Every Director shall be indemnified by
the Corporation against all losses and expenses incurred by him in the
discharge of his duties except such as are caused by his own wilful act or
default.
(2) A Director shall not be personally
responsible for the acts of any other Director or of any officer, adviser or
employee of the Corporation for any loss or expense resulting to the
Corporation by reason of the insufficiency or deficiency in value of or title
to any property or security acquired or taken on behalf of the Corporation, or
by the wrongful act of any person under a liability to the Corporation, or by
anything done by him in good faith in the execution of the duties of his office.
4[21A.-(1)
The annual statement of accounts referred to in section 18, together with the
audit report and test audit report of the Auditor-General on the accounts of
the Corporation, undertakings and Companies referred to in section 19 shall be
placed by Government before the 3[National Assembly] as soon as
possible after they are received, and the 3[National Assembly] shall refer
the same to its Committee on Public Accounts for scrutiny.
(2) The Committee on Public Accounts shall
scrutinize and examine the reports referred to it under sub-section (1) in the
same manner as, and shall in respect thereof perform the same functions and
exercise the same powers as are required by it to be performed and exercised in
respect of appropriation account of the Provincial Government and the report of
the Comptroller and Auditor-General of Pakistan thereon.]
22. Public servants. The Chairman, Directors, officers, adviser
or employee of the Corporation shall, while acting or purporting to act in
pursuance of the provisions of this Ordinance, or the rules or regulations made
thereunder, be deemed to be public servants within the meaning of section 21 of
the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860).
1 Re-numbered as sub-section (1) by the
Provincial Development Corporation (
2 Sub-section (2) added ibid.
3Subs. by F.A.O., 1975, Art. 2 and Sch., for
“Provincial Assembly of
4Section 21A added by Act, 10 of 1967, s. 4.
23. Power to make rules.-(1) The Government may, by notification in
the official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this
Ordinance.
(2) In particular and without prejudice to
the generality of the foregoing powers, such rules may provide for-
(a) the relinquishment of managing agency in
favour of any person;
(b) the manner of keeping accounts of the
Corporation and the companies managed by it;
(c) the recruitment of officers, advisers and
employees of the Corporations;
(d) the terms and conditions of service of the
officers, advisers and employees of the Corporation, including the functions of
the advisers;
(e) the borrowings by the Corporation;
(f) the purchase and sale of goods by the
Corporations;
(g) the date by which, and the form in which,
the annual budget statement shall be submitted in each year;
(h) the procedure for appropriation and
re-appropriation of moneys at the credit of the Corporation;
(i) the form and manner in which and the
authorities to whom returns, reports or statements shall be submitted; and
(j) such other matters relating to the
administration of the affairs of the Corporation as the Government may think
fit to regulate by rules.
24. Power to make regulations.-(1) The Board may, with the previous
sanction of the Government, make regulations to provide for all matters, not
provided for in the rules for which provision is necessary or expedient for
carrying out the purposes of this Ordinance and the said rules.
(2) In particular and without prejudice to
the generality of the foregoing powers, such regulations may provide for the-
(a) meetings of the Board;
(b) investment of the Corporation’s funds; and
(c) sale or transfer of shares under sub-section
(11) of section 15.
25. Power to amend the Schedule. The Government may, from time to time, by
notification in, the official Gazette, amend the Schedule so as to include
therein or exclude therefrom any industry or vary the description of any
industry included therein.
26. Winding up of the Corporation. No provision of law relating to the winding
up of companies and corporations shall apply to the Corporation and the
Corporation shall not be wound up except by order of the Government and in such
manner as it may direct.
_______________
SCHEDULE
1. Jute.
2. Papers,
Board and Newsprint.
3. Heavy
Engineering including Iron and Steel but excluding Shipbuilding.
4.
Shipbuilding.
5. Heavy
Chemicals other than fertilizers.
6.
Fertilizers.
7. Sugar.
8. Cement.
9. Textiles.
10.
Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals and Dyestuffs.
11. Coal
and Peat.
12.
Exploitation of Marine Fisheries except fisheries outside territorial waters.
13.
Industries based on forest products.
14. Cottage
and Small Scale Industries.
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